Salivary Gland Alcohol

Historisierungskonzepte

The following is the rough draft for a magazine article (first draft: = the marketing department has made no loop about it ;-))


Historisierungskonzepte
- Datenhistorisierung in force business systems -

One of the essential elements of an inventory system is the data storage.

An insurance contract and all that run changes need to be stored in a revision secure. Any change has the effect that there is a new version of the contract. This is a new contract booth. A key feature of a contracting state shall be the date of when this level reaches its validity.

With this contract prior versions is referred to the histories of a contract. There are different possibilities as the persistence of the contract stands in a relational database management system (RDBMS) can be realized.

Manufacturers of standard inventory system usually have their own kind of historicizing. Normally, this is always inspired by a specific type of historicizing. Even in developed individual systems, the history management can usually a cross-category back.

Two common variants to store time related data are the Uni-temporal and bi-temporal data storage. Besides these two, there are other possibilities, but these are not typical for insurance inventory systems.

The following are the two variants are presented with example data sets.

We do this by a simple record in an RDBMS from:

	- PK -
Without time reference	id	data

be

	data
			bd a	be a
		bd 2

2

: = end date of the first period Without time reference (Non -Temporal) Id license plate

data
		PK = Primary Key. This is the record clearly identified id = Identifies a data set without reference bd 1 = start date of the first period be a	bd 2: = start date of the second period be 2 : = End date of the second period data: = data		These theoretical bases are now placed below with insurance information regarding:	This point is mentioned only for completeness. This is a normal type of persistence without time reference.

vk M-678 XY

vk sb 4711

0

null

3216 In the table, there is even a car with the license plate M-XY 678 (id = 4711) without comprehensive insurance coverage (vk = 0). Id

K - AB 320	a 500		The table includes two insurance objects. In a Automotive product, it is of course far more data, were designed to be the all-clear but only the data shown for the example.
Also included is a second vehicle (K AB-320) (id = 3216) that a comprehensive insurance coverage (v k = 1) contains a deductible (sb) from 500 EUR.	A time historicizing of the data is not available!	Uni-Temporal	Now a validity period of the vehicle Policies added. With the introduction of the columns "'valid' and 'gueltigBis", a time reference is produced from when to when the contract is valid in this form is / was.
		'valid	gueltigBis

license plate

vk

vk sb

4711

01.01.2011

31.12.2011 1 The policy of the car M-678 XY will extend his policy to a fully comprehensive coverage. His son is of legal age to 19/02/2011 and uses as drivers from this time the car. In order to hedge against the cost of repair for a self-inflicted accident, he is extending his existing contract of insurance the 19/02/2011 a fully comprehensive cover with EUR 300 deductible.

M-XY 678	0	null	3216 08.02.2011	31.12.2011	K-AB 320
500		The car M-XY 678 (id = 4711) is insured by the 01.01.2011 until 31.12.2011.	The vehicle K-AB 320 (id = 3216) was the newly insured 02/08/2011. The calendar year is by the end of Police (31.12.2011).	changes
Id	'valid	gueltigBis		license plate	vk

vk sb

4711

01/01/2011

02/19/2011 300 K-AB 320 and If the policyholder for his car (id = 4711, M-XY 678) now reports a fully comprehensive harm to 22/02/2011, may examine the claims department will cover the following Select : AND, Bi-Temporal With the introduction of the columns "wirkVon" and "wirkBis", a time reference is produced from when to when the policy is known as the insurer / was.

M-678 XY	0	null	4711	19.02.2011	31.12.2011 M-XY 678
1			3216	08.02.2011	31.12.2011
a	500		With the introduction of data 'valid	gueltigBis can now be found from when to when and which version of a Police was valid.	coverage test
SELECT * FROM WHERE id = 4711 kfz_police	02/22/2011 'AND BETWEEN ' valid gueltigBis	As a result, one gets the first record that contains a fully comprehensive coverage . The damage of the insured are covered.		addition to the validity period is on an insurance policy remains the efficacy period of interest.	The efficacy period describes the period from when to when the record with the corresponding Validity period has been effective or known.

Id 'valid

gueltigBis

wirkVon

wirkBis

license plate

sq

sq sb

31/12/9999 the vehicle for K-AB 320 (id = 3216) on 04.02.2011, a new insurance was beginning 02/08/2011. Enclosed the same change from the top: Id

4711	01/01/2011 12/31/2011	22/10/2010	31.12.9999	M-678 XY	0	null	3216 08/02/2011
12/31/2011	04/02/2011		K-AB 320	1	500		The car M-XY 678 (id = 4711) was assured on 22/10/2010 in Abwerbephase for the period 01.01.2011 to 31.12.2011 .
The date 31/12/9999 technical means "until later".	changes		The policy of the car M-678 XY writes, with some delay, the insurance on a fax 02/27/2011 and indicates that a fully comprehensive cover with participation from EUR 300 to be included in the contract with 19/02/2011.			'valid gueltigBis

wirkVon

wirkBis

license plate

vk

vk sb

02/19/2011 19.02.2011 27.02.2011 300 The data festzugstellen it is now possible which state the insurer was known when. coverage test AND, ' BETWEEN

4711	01/01/2011	10/22/2010	27.02.2011	M-XY 678	0	null	4711
31.12.2011		31.12.9999	M-XY 678	1			3216
08/02/2011	12/31/2011 04/02/2011	31/12/9999	K-AB 320	a	500		wirkVon and wirkBis
	If the policyholder for his car (id = 4711, M-XY 678) now reports a fully comprehensive harm to 22/02/2011, the claims department to cover again with the following Select Check:	SELECT * FROM WHERE id = 4711 kfz_police	02/22/2011 'BETWEEN' valid AND gueltigBis	As a result, one gets the first record that contains a fully comprehensive coverage. The damage of the insured covered at first glance.	can use the following Select now be examined whether any attempt was an insurance fraud:	SELECT * FROM WHERE id = 4711 kfz_police AND, 22/02/2011	wirkAb AND wirkBis

This gives Select shows that damage to date, no comprehensive insurance cover the insurer was known.

Now, the claims department again investigate in more detail. View: This article has now been shown on a small scale, as does a history management.

The following items should be in the context of the introduction of a historical concept are also still observed:

·

object relationships: 1: 1 and 1: n tables, bear a date.

·
Large contract structures: under contract, individual contracts ·

fleet concepts: framework contract, object classes, individual contracts

· ;

corrections of the contract stands at the same GülitigAb date.

· how to deal with times (24:00 Clock or 0:00 clock) ·

processing retroactive changes

·

...

Conclusion:

Many insurance systems are working in an historical perspective, which is similar to a university-Temporal-historicizing. The efficiency component is then often tries on the settlement documentation cover (BDOK). The latest in the case of damage or power is then often an automated test is not so easily anymore.

A Bi-Temporal historicizing is recommended in the insurance business forever!